NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English First flight Chapter 11
Thinking About the Play
Question 1. What does Chubukov at first suspect that Lomov has come for? Is he sincere when he later says ‘And I’ve always loved you, my angel, as if you were my own son”? Find reasons for your answer from the play.
Answer: At first Chubukov suspected that Lomov had come to borrow money from him. He was not sincere when he later said “And I’ve always loved you, my angel, as if you were my own son”. This is proven by the fact that he started fighting after a while. He fights with him and even abused him.
Question 2. Chubukov says of Natalya: “……. as if she won’t consent! She’s in love; egad, she’s like a lovesick cat……” Would you agree? Find reasons for your answer.
Answer: Natalya is clearly in love. This can be inferred from her behavior and her way of talking. She regrets sending him out after knowing that he came to propose to her. She asks her father to bring him back.
Question 3.
1. Find all the words and expressions in the play that the characters use to speak about each other, and the accusations and insults they hurl at each other. (For example, Lomov in the end calls Chubukov an intriguer; but earlier, Chubukov has himself called Lomov a “malicious, double-faced intriguer.” Again, Lomov begins by describing Natalya as “an excellent housekeeper, not bad-looking, well-educated.”)
Ans.
- Lomov calls himself a villain, blind hen, the stuffed sausage, malicious, double-faced, intriguer, old rat, and fool.
- Lomov calls Chubukov an intriguer, Natalya’s mother, and a hump-backed.
- Lomov calls Natalya an excellent housekeeper, not bad-looking, and well-educated.
- Chubukov calls Lomov my precious and his father a guzzling gambler.
- Natalya addresses Lomov as a rascal, the monster.
2. Then think of five adjectives or adjectival expressions of your own to describe each character in the play.
Ans.
- Chubukov is a crafty, quarrelsome, cruel, numb, and low-minded person.
- Lomov is a well-dressed, ignorant, idiotic, fragile, and assertive person.
- Natalya is lovable, scholarly, foolish, mean, and kind.
3. Can you now imagine what these characters will quarrel about next?
Answer: These characters tend to quarrel over the pettiest problems. It can be said they will quarrel next for who is better, Squeezer or Guess.
Thinking About the Language
Question I.
1. This play has been translated into English from the Russian original. Are there any expressions or ways of speaking that strike you as more – Russian than English? For example, would an adult man be addressed by an older man as my darling or my treasure in an English play?
Answer: Many expressions in the play strikes more as Russian rather than English. These expressions are as follows:
- An old man is highly unlikely to be addressed by an adult as “my darling”, “my beauty”, “my precious”, “my angel”, “my beloved” in English.
- “… and so on…”, here, it is used to complete a sentence.
- “the stuffed sausage”, “from” ,”egad”, are used to insult each other.
- Ouf, frump, sausage, egad, scarecrow, etc. are not used in English.
Question II. You must have noticed that when we report someone’s exact words, we have to make some changes in the sentence structure. In the following sentences fill in the blanks to list the changes that have occurred in the above pairs of sentences. One has been done for you.
- To report a question, we use the reporting verb asked (as in sentence set 1).
- To report a declaration, we use the reporting verb declared
- The adverb of place here changes to there
- When the verb in the direct speech is in the present tense, the verb in the reported speech is in the tense (as in sentence set 3). past
- If the Verb in direct speech is in the present continuous tense, the verb in reported speech changes to the past continuous tense. For example, is getting changes to was getting.
- When the sentence in direct speech contains a word denoting respect, we add the adverb respectfully in the reporting clause (as in sentence set 1)
- The pronouns I, me, our, and mine, which are used in the first person in direct speech, change to third person pronouns such as you, your, thine in reported speech.
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