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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Class 12 Notes- Super Guide

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Class 12 Notes Biotechnology, according to the European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB), is the application of natural science and organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogs to create products and services. Karl Ereky created the word “biotechnology” in 1919. Biotechnology principles are founded on the concepts of the following techniques:(i) Genetic …

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Human Reproduction Class 12 Notes- Class 12 Biology Chapter 3

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Human Reproduction Class 12 Notes System of Male Reproduction The male reproductive system is divided into four major components: Testes The testis is located in the pelvic area outside the abdominal cavity in a pouch called the scrotum. The scrotum is a tiny muscular sac that holds and protects the testes. The scrotum is a …

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Class 12 Electromagnetic Waves Notes- Ncert Class 12 Chapter 8

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Class 12 Electromagnetic Waves Notes So, what are electromagnetic waves? Electromagnetic (EM) waves are those that are affected by both electricity and magnetism. Because they are waves connected with electricity and magnetism, they would almost certainly propagate across space. These waves are essentially linked to time-varying electric and magnetic fields that travel over space. Electromagnetic …

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The d and f block elements class 12 notes – Chemistry Chapter 8 notes

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d and f block elements class 12 notes These elements are found in the periodic table’s middle layer. The inner d orbits of groups 3–13 are gradually filled. The f block elements, on the other hand, are located outside and at the bottom of the periodic table. In these elements, the orbitals of the 5f …

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p Block Elements class 12 Notes – Chemistry Chapter 7 ncert

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p block elements are present on the right side of the Periodic table. As a result, the periodic table has six groups of p–block elements numbered 13 to 18. The families falling into this block belong to boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, and helium. Their electronic valence shell configuration is ns2np1-6 (except for He). However, …

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Organism and Population Class 12 Notes- Important Points

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Organism and Population Class 12 Notes A continuous biological system that exists in an environment and has the ability to adapt and keep certain structures and behavior is referred to as an organism. Fungi, bacteria, plants, animals, and people are all part of it. A population is a group of organisms. The population manages the …

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Best Biodiversity and Conservation Class 12 Notes

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Biodiversity and Conservation Class 12 Notes The presence or occurrence of several ecosystems, bio species, flora and fauna, and various environments in a particular region on the earth is said to be its Biodiversity. With the increase in human population, Exploitation of these biodiversities began and today it has already gone beyond control. Therefore, it …

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Important Haloalkanes and Haloarenes class 12 notes

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Haloalkanes and Haloarenes class 12 notes Haloalkanes are formed by replacing hydrogen atoms in aliphatic hydrocarbon with halogen atoms results in the formation of alkyl halides and in case of aromatic aryl halides it forms haloalenes respectively. Classification of Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Based on the number of atoms 1. Depending up on the number of …

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Detailed Magnetism and Matter Class 12 notes

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Magnetism and Matter Class 12 Notes The example of magnetism in universal phenomena are as follows: The Bar Magnet The magnet has poles just like the wonderful and terrible rate of an electric powered dipole. One pole is distinctive the North pole and the other, the South pole. When suspended freely, those poles factor about …

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Super Guide on Chemical Kinetics Class 12 Notes

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Chemical Kinetics Class 12 Notes Chemical Kinetics is a medium that helps us to understand the nature of the reaction and how they occur. The phrase kinetics is derived from the Greek phrase ‘kinesis’ which means movement. Rates of any Reaction Ionic reactions occur very fast whereas some reactions such as rusting of iron are …

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